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75tph hard rock gold mining plant

Designing a 75 tonnes per hour (tph) hard rock gold mining plant requires careful consideration of the specific requirements and characteristics of the site and ore type. Here’s a general outline of the major components and processes that such a plant might include:

Components & Equipment:

  1. Crushing Plant:

    • Jaw Crusher: Primary stage to crush hard rock to a manageable size.
    • Cone Crusher or Impact Crusher: Secondary and tertiary stage crushing for finer material.

  2. Grinding Circuit:

    • Ball Mill: For further size reduction of the ore.
    • SAG Mill (if necessary): Semi-Autogenous Grinding for initial grinding stages.

  3. Concentration System:

    • Gravity Concentrators (e.g., Knelson or Falcon): To recover free gold particles.
    • Spiral Classifiers: To separate fine particles.

  4. Leaching Plant:

    • Cyanidation Tanks: For gold recovery through the cyanide leaching process.
    • Carbon-in-Leach (CIL) or Carbon-in-Pulp (CIP) Tanks: For gold adsorption on activated carbon.

  5. Thickening and Filtration:

    • Thickeners: For concentrating slurry and recovering water.
    • Filter Presses: For final dewatering.

  6. Elution and Electrowinning:

    • Elution Columns: For stripping gold from activated carbon.
    • Electrowinning Cells: For electro-deposition of gold from the eluent.

  7. Tailings Management:

    • Tailings Ponds or Dry Stacking: For waste disposal and water recovery.

  8. Support Infrastructure:

    • Pumps and Piping: For slurry and solution transport throughout the plant.
    • Electrical Systems: Adequate power supply and distribution.
    • Control Systems: Automation and process control for efficient plant operation.

Process Flow:

  1. Ore Handling:

    • Transport of mined ore to the crushing plant.

  2. Crushing & Grinding:

    • Reduction of ore size through primary, secondary, and tertiary crushing stages.
    • Further size reduction through milling.

  3. Gravity Concentration:

    • Separation and concentration of free gold particles using gravity methods.

  4. Leaching:

    • Introduction of crushed and ground ore to leach tanks for cyanide leaching.
    • Recovery of dissolved gold by absorption onto activated carbon (CIL/CIP).

  5. Desorption & Electrowinning:

    • Elution of gold from the carbon and subsequent electrodeposition.

  6. Refining:

    • Smelting of recovered gold to produce dore bars.

  7. Tailings Disposal:

    • Handling and disposal of tailings safely, ensuring minimal environmental impact.

Considerations:

  • Ore Characteristics: Each ore is unique and requires tailored processing approaches.
  • Environmental Regulations: Compliance with local environmental laws and regulations.
  • Economic Factors: Ensure the plant design is cost-effective considering capital and operating expenses.
  • Safety: Adequate safety measures for workers and equipment.

Conclusion:

A well-designed 75 tph hard rock gold mining plant involves a detailed understanding of ore characteristics, economic viability, environmental considerations, and safety regulations. Collaborating with experienced engineers and metallurgists is crucial to optimize the design and efficiency of the plant.