How does a stone crusher work mechanically?

A stone crusher works by applying mechanical force to break down large rocks into smaller pieces. Here’s a basic overview of the mechanical process:

1. Feeding: The raw material, like rocks or stones, is fed into the stone crusher through a hopper.

2. Crushing Mechanism:

   • Jaw Crusher: Has two jaws, one fixed and one that moves back and forth. When the movable jaw presses against the fixed jaw, the material is crushed. The size of the output material can be adjusted by changing the gap between the jaws.
   • Impact Crusher: Uses impact force to break materials. The material is introduced into a chamber containing a high-speed rotating rotor with hammers which strike and shatter the stone upon impact.
   • Cone Crusher: Uses a rotating cone (mantle) inside a fixed bowl (concave) to crush stones. As the mantle rotates eccentrically, it compresses the stone against the concave, causing it to break.
   • Gyratory Crusher: Similar to a cone crusher, but has a steeper cone slope and a concave bowl. It crushes material by compressing it between a gyrating spindle and the enclosing concave hopper.

3. Screening: After crushing, the smaller pieces pass through a series of screens to separate them into different sizes. The material that does not pass through the screen is sent back to the crusher for further crushing.

4. Discharge: The final product is discharged from the bottom of the machine. The size of the discharged material depends on the crusher type and the gap settings used during the crushing process.

Each type of stone crusher operates on different principles and is suitable for specific applications based on the nature and size of the material being processed.